Activated coconut shell charcoal is charcoal that has undergone an activation process to increase its surface area by opening its pores so that its adsorption power increases. The surface area of activated charcoal ranges between 300 and 3500 m2/g.
The power of activated charcoal giraffes is very large, which is 1/4 to 10 times the weight of activated charcoal. Activated coconut shell charcoal itself is an amorphous carbon compound. Materials containing carbon or from charcoal arrange the activated charcoal. And also, it can adsorb certain gases and chemical compounds or its adsorption properties are selective, depending on the size or volume of pores and surface area. This activated charcoal contain pyrolysis of coconut shell and can use for purifythe liquid smoke.
The stages of Making Activated Coconut Shell Charcoal
The first step to make activated charcoal from coconut shells is to make coconut shell charcoal by cleaning it first. Make sure to clean it from impurities such as soil, gravel. Then dry it in the sun, next burn the dry shell on the combustion drum/tub. Set the temperature of 300-500 Celcius for 3-5 hours.
The second step is that the burned charcoal is soaked with the chemicals CaCl2 and ZnCl2 (25 %). It takes time for 12 to 24 hours to become activated charcoal. Next to do washing with distilled water / clean water until dirt or follow-up materials can be separated. The wet activated charcoal is spread out on a rack at room temperature for draining. Then dried in the oven at 110 — 8000C for 3 hours.
The activation temperature affects the quality of the formed activated carbon. The best quality of activated carbon is it have temperature of 800 Celcius with a water content of 1.3%, an ash content of 0.60% meeting the SII 0258-79 standard and having an absorption capacity to iod levels of 580.0 mg / g which meets the SNI 06-3730 standard. Purification of household wastewater, colored water using activated carbon from an activation temperature of 800 Celcius produces clear. And odorless water and meets the pH of water standards (7.0-7.5).
Characteristics of Activated Charcoal from Coconut Shells with H2SO4 Activator temperature and time variations
The characteristics of activated charcoal include tests of moisture content, ash content, and absorption of iod. The manufacture of activated charcoal begins with the activation of soaking for 24 hours using A solution of H2SO4 2N. Then drain and ventilate to remove the remaining water. Testing of water content is weighing 1 gram of activated charcoal and then inventorying it at a temperature of 105-110 Celcius for 120 minutes.
Testing ash content by weighing activated charcoal as much as 1 gram and then entering it in a furnace with a temperature of 500 Celcius for 30 minutes, raising the temperature to 815 oC for 90 minutes. Determination of absorption of iodine is by weighing activated charcoal as much as 0.5 grams and mixing with 50 ml of iodine 0.1 N solution.
Cornered it for 15 minutes. Take 10 ml of sample solution and minute with a solution of natrim thio sulfate 0.1 N. Adding a 1% solution of amylum as an indicator until the titration result becomes colorless. In this study, optimum condition of ventilating temperature is 1000 Celcius for 60 minutes. Activated charcoal obtained in this condition has good adsorption ability with a high iod absorption rate of 529.94 mg I2 / gram of charcoal.
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